Hard Sleeper (硬卧) are often “semi-compartments” (they are not isolated from the rest of the carriage. Upper and lower berths are available, sandwiched by a third: middle berth. They’re popular with backpackers and others who want to travel on a budget.

▶ Berth arrangements

• Semi-open ompartment for 6 passengers only
• Upper, medium, and lower berths available